General Information

  • ID:  hor002515
  • Uniprot ID:  Q9BT56
  • Protein name:  Spexin
  • Gene name:  SPX
  • Organism:  Homo sapiens (Human)
  • Family:  Spexin family
  • Source:  Human
  • Expression:  Down-regulated in omental and subcutaneous fat of obese subjects. |Expressed in the type I glomic cells within the carotid body (at protein level). Expressed predominantly in pancreas, testis, kidney, brain and placenta. Expressed in submucosal layer of e
  • Disease:  Diseases associated with SPX include Noonan Syndrome 9 and Acute Endophthalmitis.
  • Comments:  antinociceptive activity:<30 nmol
  • Taxonomy:  Homo (genus), Homininae (subfamily), Hominidae (family), Hominoidea (superfamily), Catarrhini (parvorder), Simiiformes (infraorder), Haplorrhini (suborder), Primates (order), Euarchontoglires (superorder), Boreoeutheria, Eutheria, Theria, Mammalia (class), Amniota, Tetrapoda, Dipnotetrapodomorpha, Sarcopterygii (superclass), Euteleostomi, Teleostomi, Gnathostomata, Vertebrata, Craniata (subphylum), Chordata (phylum), Deuterostomia, Bilateria, Eumetazoa, Metazoa (kingdom), Opisthokonta, Eukaryota (superkingdom), cellular organisms
  • GO MF:  GO:0005179 hormone activity; GO:0005184 neuropeptide hormone activity; GO:0005515 protein binding
  • GO BP:  GO:0003084 positive regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure; GO:0007165 signal transduction; GO:0010459 negative regulation of heart rate; GO:0032099 negative regulation of appetite; GO:0035814 negative regulation of renal sodium excretion; GO:0044539 long-chain fatty acid import into cell; GO:0051930 regulation of sensory perception of pain; GO:1904306 positive regulation of gastro-intestinal system smooth muscle contraction
  • GO CC:  GO:0005576 extracellular region; GO:0005615 extracellular space; GO:0005737 cytoplasm

Sequence Information

  • Sequence:  NWTPQAMLYLKGAQ
  • Length:  14
  • Propeptide:  MKGLRSLAATTLALFLVFVFLGNSSCAPQRLLERRNWTPQAMLYLKGAQGRRFISDQSRRKDLSDRPLPERRSPNPQLLTIPEAATILLASLQKSPEDEEKNFDQTRFLEDSLLNW
  • Signal peptide:  MKGLRSLAATTLALFLVFVFLGNSSC
  • Modification:  T14 Glutamine amide
  • Glycosylation:  NA
  • Mutagenesis:  NA

Activity

  • Function:  Contribute to CNS-mediated control of arterial blood pressure and salt and water balance and modulate nociceptive responses.
  • Mechanism:  NA
  • Cross BBB:  NA
  • Target:  NA
  • Target Unid:  NA
  • IC50: NA
  • EC50: NA
  • ED50: NA
  • kd: NA
  • Half life: NA

Structure

  • Disulfide bond:  NA
  • Structure ID:  AF-Q9BT56-F1(AlphaFold_DB_ID)

  • Structure: (PDB_ID-from https://www.rcsb.org/; AlphaFold_DB_ID-from https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/; hordbxxxxxx_AF2.pdb was predicted structure by AlphaFold2; hordbxxxxxx_ESM.pdb was predicted structure by ESMFold)
    •    hor002515_AF2.pdbhor002515_ESM.pdb

Physical Information

Mass: 185296 Formula: C74H113N19O20S
Absent amino acids: CDEFHIRSV Common amino acids: ALQ
pI: 9.3 Basic residues: 1
Polar residues: 4 Hydrophobic residues: 5
Hydrophobicity: -44.29 Boman Index: -690
Half-Life: 1.4 hour Half-Life Yeast: 3 min
Half-Life E.Coli: >10 hour Aliphatic Index 70
Instability Index: -1329.29 Extinction Coefficient cystines: 6990
Absorbance 280nm: 537.69

Literature

  • PubMed ID:  22038051
  • Title:  Peptides Derived From the Prohormone proNPQ/spexin Are Potent Central Modulators of Cardiovascular and Renal Function and Nociception